8 The label free method based on the use of an electroactive hybridization indicator is one of the most attractive owing to its simplicity. 7 These devices rely on the conversion of DNA base pair recognition events into a useful electrical signal, using either a label-free or label-based method. Thus, electrochemical DNA biosensors represent a dynamic research area focused on the development of point-of-care tests. 3–6 They offer attractive advantages such as high sensitivity, low cost and minimal power requirements. Among them, electrochemical transducers are powerful tools for interfacing DNA recognition at the molecular level and converting the hybridization event into an analytical signal. 1,2 Different techniques including fluorescence, surface plasmon resonance, quartz crystal microbalance measurements and electrochemistry have been employed to detect DNA hybridization. DNA biosensors based on nucleic acid recognition processes have received considerable attention in rapid and inexpensive DNA assays. Introduction The detection of specific DNA sequences provides the fundamental basis for monitoring a wide variety of viral infections, as well as genetic and infectious diseases. The suitability of these new redox indicators for selective DNA biosensor development has been probed by the direct detection of two different mutations associated with cystic fibrosis in PCR amplicons extracted from blood cells. This property makes them selective and wide-ranging potential electrochemical indicators of hybridization. The results obtained point to a strong interaction between the metallacarboranes and DNA, to a different extent with single stranded DNA (ssDNA) compared to double stranded DNA (dsDNA). These studies have been carried out not only with DNA in solution but also with DNA immobilized on screen-printed gold electrodes. We also describe the interaction of the prepared − and the pristine − with DNA. This strategy allows tuning of the redox potential of the − framework with a minor change in its shape and dimensions. Thus, we have achieved the synthesis and studied the electrochemical behaviour of the sodium salt of − in aqueous media. Hence, very similar redox probes with a wide range of formal potentials, ranging from negative to positive values, are available. The substitution of hydrogen with chlorine in the metallacarborane − cluster modulates the formal potential of the Fe 3+/Fe 2+ redox couple, shifting it to a more positive value.
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